The peoples of the Mediterranean began to emerge from barbarism when they learned to cultivate the olive and the vine.
ThucydidesRead
If it had not been for the pernicious power of envy, men would not so have exalted vengeance above innocence and profit above justice... in these acts of revenge on others, men take it upon themselves to begin the process of repealing those general laws of humanity which are there to give a hope of salvation to all who are in distress.
Interpretation
Envy leads to a prioritization of revenge over moral values like innocence and justice.
In this quote, Thucydides explores the destructive nature of envy and how it distorts human values. He suggests that when people allow their envy to dictate their actions, they engage in vengeance rather than uphold principles such as justice and innocence, ultimately undermining the well-being of society as a whole. The desire for revenge can disrupt the fundamental laws of humanity that are meant to bring hope and salvation to those in need.
In practice
Use this quote in a discussion about moral philosophy in a classroom.
The peoples of the Mediterranean began to emerge from barbarism when they learned to cultivate the olive and the vine.
We Greeks are lovers of the beautiful, yet simple in our tastes, and we cultivate the mind without loss of manliness.
Thucydides, an Athenian, wrote the history of the war between the Peloponnesians and the Athenians, he began at the moment that it broke out, believing that it would be a great war, and more memorable than any that had preceded it.
Some legislators only wish to vengeance against a particular enemy. Others only look out for themselves. They devote very little time on the consideration of any public issue. They think that no harm will come from their neglect. They act as if it is always the business of somebody else to look after this or that. When this selfish notion is entertained by all, the commonwealth slowly begins to decay.
Remember that this greatness was won by men with courage, with knowledge of their duty, and with a sense of honor in action.
It is a common mistake in going to war to begin at the wrong end, to act first, and wait for disasters to discuss the matter.
One of the great questions of philosophy is, do we innately have morality, or do we get it from celestial dictation? A study of the Ten Commandments is a very good way of getting into and resolving that issue.
We can know a person by observing his behaviour, understanding the reasons for his actions and ascertaining his intentions. If we do this, how can we not know him?
I met a white man once, who claimed that every black man has a gene which makes him violent. To which, I said I had never been violent and that he was wrong.
Just because you believe in something does not mean that it is true.
The erosion of a nation's concern for life and for individual rights, has always preceded the intrusion of tyranny.
While Newton seemed to draw off the veil from some of the mysteries of nature, he showed at the same time the imperfections of the mechanical philosophy; and thereby restored her ultimate secrets to that obscurity, in which they ever did and ever will remain.
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