Every one sees what you appear to be, few really know what you are, and those few dare not oppose themselves to the opinion of the many, who have the majesty of the state to defend them.
Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by so doing it would be against his interest, and when the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist. If men were all good, this precept would not be a good one; but as they are bad, and would not observe their faith with you, so you are not bound to keep faith with them.
Interpretation
What this quote means
Machiavelli suggests that rulers should prioritize their own interests over keeping promises when circumstances change.
In this quote, Niccolo Machiavelli argues that a prudent ruler must be flexible and pragmatic, and should not feel obligated to keep promises if it becomes counterproductive to their own interests. He recognizes the inherent flaws in human nature, suggesting that since people often act in self-interest and do not always keep their commitments, a ruler is justified in adapting their actions accordingly. This perspective challenges traditional notions of loyalty and integrity, advocating instead for a more calculating approach to leadership.
Themes
In practice
Example use cases
In a leadership seminar discussing the complexities of political ethics.
More from Niccolo Machiavelli
All quotes →For that reason, let a prince have the credit of conquering and holding his state, the means will always be considered honest, and he will be praised by everybody because the vulgar are always taken by what a thing seems to be and by what comes of it; and in the world there are only the vulgar, for the few find a place there only when the many have no ground to rest on.
Many have imagined republics and principalities which have never been seen or known to exist in reality; for how we live is so far removed from how we ought to live, that he who abandons what is done for what ought to be done, will rather bring about his own ruin than his preservation.
Whoever conquers a free town and does not demolish it commits a great error and may expect to be ruined himself.
And here one must not that hatred is acquired just as much by means of good actions as by bad ones; and so, as I said above, if a prince wishes to maintain the state, he is often obliged not to be good; because whenever that group which you believe you need to support you is corrupted, whether it be the common people, the soldiers, or the nobles, it is to your advantage to follow their inclinations in order to satisfy them; and then good actions are your enemy.
The chief foundations of all states, new as well as old or composite, are good laws and good arms.
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